Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a successfully used method for renal replacement therapy. However, long-term PD may be associated with peritoneal fibrosis and ultrafiltration failure. The key factors linked to their appearance are repeated episodes of inflammation associated with peritonitis and long-term exposure to bioincompatible PD fluids. Different strategies have been proposed to preserve the peritoneal membrane. This article reviews the functional and structural alterations related to PD and strategies whereby we may prevent them to preserve the peritoneal membrane. The use of new, more biocompatible, PD solutions is promising, although further morphologic studies in patients using these solutions are needed. Blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system appears to be efficacious and strongly should be considered. Other agents have been proven in experimental studies, but most of them have not yet been tested appropriately in human beings.
Keywords: Peritoneal dialysis; peritoneal fibrosis; peritoneal membrane; preventive measures; therapeutic interventions.
Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.