Acute Effects of Eccentric Overload on Concentric Front Squat Performance

J Strength Cond Res. 2017 May;31(5):1192-1197. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001825.

Abstract

Munger, CN, Archer, DC, Leyva, WD, Wong, MA, Coburn, JW, Costa, PB, and Brown, LE. Acute effects of eccentric overload on concentric front squat performance. J Strength Cond Res 31(5): 1192-1197, 2017-Eccentric overload is used to enhance performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of eccentric overload on concentric front squat performance. Twenty resistance-trained men (age = 23.80 ± 1.82 years, height = 176.95 ± 5.21 cm, mass = 83.49 ± 10.43 kg, 1 repetition maximum [1RM] front squat = 131.02 ± 21.32 kg) volunteered. A dynamic warm-up and warm-up sets of front squat were performed. Eccentric hooks were added to the barbell. They descended for 3 seconds, until eccentric hooks released, and performed the concentric phase as fast as possible. There were 3 randomly ordered conditions with the concentric phase always at 90% 1RM and the eccentric phase at 105, 110, and 120% of 1RM. Two repetitions were performed for each condition. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine differences. For peak velocity, there were main effects for time and condition (p < 0.05), where post (1.01 ± 0.10 m·s) was greater than pre (0.96 ± 0.11 m·s) and 120% (1.03 ± 1.11 m·s) was greater than 105% (0.99 ± 0.13 m·s). For peak power, there was a main effect for condition where 120% (2,225.00 ± 432.37 W) was greater than 105% (2,021.84 ± 563.53 W). For peak ground reaction force, there were main effects for time and condition, where post was greater than pre and 120% was greater than 105%. For the rate of force development, there was no interaction or main effects. Eccentric overload enhanced concentric velocity and power; therefore, it can be used by strength coaches and athletes during the power phase of a training program. It can also be used to prescribe supramaximal loads and could be a tool to supplement the clean exercise because the front squat is a precursor.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Exercise / physiology*
  • Exercise Test
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Muscle Contraction*
  • Muscle Strength
  • Muscle, Skeletal / physiology*
  • Physical Exertion / physiology
  • Resistance Training / methods
  • Young Adult