MicroRNA 155 and viral-induced neuroinflammation

J Neuroimmunol. 2017 Jul 15:308:17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.01.016. Epub 2017 Jan 24.

Abstract

MicroRNA (miRNA) regulation of gene expression is becoming an increasingly recognized mechanism by which host immune responses are governed following microbial infection. miRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that repress translation of target genes, and have been implicated in a number of activities that modulate host immune responses, including the regulation of immune cell proliferation, survival, expansion, differentiation, migration, polarization, and effector function. This review highlights several examples in which mammalian-encoded miR-155 influences immune responses following viral infection of the CNS.

Keywords: MicroRNAs; Neuroinflammation; Neuropathogenesis; Neurotropic viruses; miR-155.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Encephalitis* / etiology
  • Encephalitis* / immunology
  • Encephalitis* / virology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / immunology
  • Humans
  • MicroRNAs / genetics*
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism
  • Myelitis* / etiology
  • Myelitis* / immunology
  • Myelitis* / virology
  • Virus Diseases / complications*

Substances

  • MicroRNAs