Exosomes participate in the carcinogenesis and the malignant behavior of gastric cancer

Scand J Gastroenterol. 2017 May;52(5):499-504. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2016.1278458. Epub 2017 Jan 27.

Abstract

Objective: In order to summarize the role of exosomes in invasion and metastasis in gastric cancer (GC).

Material: Exosomes are vesicles of endocytic origin ranging from 30 to 100 nm in size; they are composed of a lipid bilayer and contain DNA, mRNA, miRNA, circular RNA and multiple proteins. Recently, increasing evidence shows that exosomes play a crucial role in the tumorigenesis of GC.

Results: In this review, we focus on the latest findings on GC exosomes, mainly summarizing their role in invasion and metastasis in GC. Then, exosomes? potential functions as novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for GC are briefly discussed. At last, we prospect the clinical application perspective of exosomes in GC.

Conclusions: Exosomes play a vital role in gastric cancer carcinogenesis and metastasis.

Keywords: Exosomes; chemotherapy; gastric cancer; invasion; metastasis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Carcinogenesis / drug effects
  • Carcinogenesis / pathology*
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Exosomes / pathology*
  • Humans
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • RNA / metabolism
  • RNA, Circular
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Stomach Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Stomach Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Stomach Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Tumor Microenvironment / drug effects

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Biomarkers
  • MicroRNAs
  • RNA, Circular
  • RNA, Messenger
  • RNA