Surface Coating Constraint Induced Anisotropic Swelling of Silicon in Si-Void@SiO x Nanowire Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Qian Liu; Zhe Cui; Rujia Zou; Jianhua Zhang; Kaibing Xu; Junqing Hu

doi:10.1002/smll.201603754

Surface Coating Constraint Induced Anisotropic Swelling of Silicon in Si-Void@SiO _x Nanowire Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Small. 2017 Apr;13(13). doi: 10.1002/smll.201603754. Epub 2017 Jan 25.

Authors

Qian Liu^{1

2}, Zhe Cui¹, Rujia Zou¹, Jianhua Zhang¹, Kaibing Xu¹, Junqing Hu¹

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
² Department of Physics, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.

PMID: 28121377
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603754

Abstract

Here a simple and an environmentally friendly approach is developed for the fabrication of Si-void@SiO_x nanowires of a high-capacity Li-ion anode material. The outer surface of the robust SiO_x backbone and the inside void structure in Si-void@SiO_x nanowires appropriately suppress the volume expansion and lead to anisotropic swelling morphologies of Si nanowires during lithiation/delithiation, which is first demonstrated by the in situ lithiation process. Remarkably, the Si-void@SiO_x nanowire electrode exhibits excellent overall lithium-storage performance, including high specific capacity, high rate property, and excellent cycling stability. A reversible capacity of 1981 mAh g^-1 is obtained in the fourth cycle, and the capacity is maintained at 2197 mAh g^-1 after 200 cycles at a current density of 0.5 C. The outstanding overall properties of the Si-void@SiO_x nanowire composite make it a promising anode material of lithium-ion batteries for the power-intensive energy storage applications.

Keywords: Si-void@SiOx nanowires; anisotropic swelling; anodes; cycling stability; surface coating constraint, lithium-ion batteries.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't