Aortic surgery and laparoscopy: still a future in the endovascular surgery era?

Ann Ital Chir. 2016 Sep 30:87:S2239253X1602586X.

Abstract

Laparoscopic surgery (LS) is the minimally invasive alternative to open surgery and endovascular approach for treating major aortic diseases. Only few reports in the literature describe the long-term outcomes of the laparoscopic approach for major vascular diseases. Furthermore, the widespread use of endovascular techniques has limited the use of LS to wellselected patients. This review evaluated the results of LS for aortic disease and compared the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic technique with those of open and endovascular surgery. A systematic review was performed by using the MEDLINE database, along with a meta-analysis of the reported studies on the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and/or aorto-iliac occlusive disease (AIOD). Forty-three studies were analyzed (17 for AAA and 26 for AIOD), with a total of 1197 patients with AAA and 1307 patients with AIOD. Laparoscopic surgery, when performed in experienced centers, is a feasible and safe technique for the treatment of AAA and AIOD in patients unfit for open and endovascular repair. Assisted laparoscopic approach has shown better outcomes than totally laparoscopic repair, with a lower rate of mortality and morbidity. Endovascular repair, however, remains the gold standard in the treatment of AAA.

Key words: Abdominal aortic aneurysm, Aorta, Aneurysm, Aorto-iliac occlusive disease, Endovascular aneurysm repair, EVAR, Laparoscopy, Endovascular, Repair, Laparoscopic Assisted, Laparoscopy Vascular, Laparoscopic surgery, Totally.

La chirurgia laparoscopica è l’alternativa mini-invasiva alla chirurgia tradizionale e al trattamento endovascolare della patologie aortiche. Solo pochi lavori in letteratura descrivono i risultati a lungo termine della chirurgia laparoscopia per il trattamento della patologie aotiche maggiori. In questa review della letteratura sono stati valutati il risultati della chirurgia laparoscopica dell’aorta confrontandone i risultati con la chirurgia tradizionale e la chirurgia endovascolare. È stata effettuata una ricerca sistematica utilizzando il database MEDLINE insieme ad una meta-analisi degli studi pubblicati sul trattamento degli aneurismi dell’aorta addominale e della patologia aortica ostruttiva. Quarantatre studi sono stati valutati per un totale di 1197 pazienti con aneurisma dell’aorta addominale e 1307 con patologia ostruttiva dell’aorta. La chirurgia laparoscopica, se eseguita in centri con considerevole esperienza, è una alternative valida e sicura per il trattamento delle patologie aortiche maggiori per i pazienti non suscettibili di trattamento chirurgico tradizionale o endovascolare. Il trattamento laparoscopico assistito ha risultati migliori rispetto alla tecnica laparoscopica pura, con un più basso tasso di mortalità e morbilità. La chirurgia endovascolare, tuttavia, rimane il gold standard per il trattamento della patologia aneurismatica aortica.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Meta-Analysis
  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Aorta / surgery*
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / surgery
  • Aortic Diseases / surgery*
  • Arterial Occlusive Diseases / surgery
  • Endovascular Procedures / methods
  • Endovascular Procedures / statistics & numerical data
  • Endovascular Procedures / trends*
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Iliac Artery / surgery
  • Laparoscopy / methods*
  • Laparoscopy / statistics & numerical data
  • Laparotomy / methods
  • Length of Stay / statistics & numerical data
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control
  • Reoperation / statistics & numerical data
  • Treatment Outcome