In this paper, a new adaptive approximation-based tracking controller design approach is developed for a class of uncertain nonlinear switched lower-triangular systems with an output constraint using neural networks (NNs). By introducing a novel barrier Lyapunov function (BLF), the constrained switched system is first transformed into a new system without any constraint, which means the control objectives of the both systems are equivalent. Then command filter technique is applied to solve the so-called "explosion of complexity" problem in traditional backstepping procedure, and radial basis function NNs are directly employed to model the unknown nonlinear functions. The designed controller ensures that all the closed-loop variables are ultimately boundedness, while the output limit is not transgressed and the output tracking error can be reduced arbitrarily small. Furthermore, the use of an asymmetric BLF is also explored to handle the case of asymmetric output constraint as a generalization result. Finally, the control performance of the presented control schemes is illustrated via two examples.