Downregulation of the N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 is related to enhanced proliferation, invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer

Oncol Rep. 2017 Feb;37(2):1189-1195. doi: 10.3892/or.2017.5355. Epub 2017 Jan 5.

Abstract

The N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is differently expressed in human malignancies according to the tumor type. We investigated the expression of NDRG1 in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines as well as how it affects tumor growth, invasion and migration in pancreatic cancer cells. Experimental groups included NDRG1 overexpression and knockdown pancreatic cancer cell lines. Lentivirus-based empty vector transfected cells (NC group) were considered control groups. Proliferation, invasion and migration related proteins such as STAT3, MMPs, PTEN, PI3K/AKT were assessed by CCK-8, Transwell assay and western blotting. Efficient NDRG1 overexpression results in reduced cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Inversely, downregulation of NDRG1 promoted proliferation, invasion and migration. We also found NDRG1 could deactivate p-STAT3, PI3K, p-AKT, MMP2, MMP9 and activate PTEN. NDRG1 is a potential anti-oncogene. Its upregulation significantly decreases pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis, likely by inhibiting STAT3 and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

MeSH terms

  • Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics*
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement / genetics
  • Cell Proliferation / genetics
  • Down-Regulation
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics*
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / metabolism
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / metabolism
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase / metabolism
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / metabolism

Substances

  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 protein
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • STAT3 protein, human
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase
  • PTEN protein, human
  • MMP2 protein, human
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
  • MMP9 protein, human
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9