Sonochemical synthesis of novel pyrano[3,4-e][1,3]oxazines: A green protocol

Tamer S Saleh; Abdullah S Al-Bogami; Ahmed E M Mekky; Hamad Z Alkhathlan

doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.12.015

Sonochemical synthesis of novel pyrano[3,4-e][1,3]oxazines: A green protocol

Ultrason Sonochem. 2017 May:36:474-480. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.12.015. Epub 2016 Dec 21.

Authors

Tamer S Saleh¹, Abdullah S Al-Bogami², Ahmed E M Mekky³, Hamad Z Alkhathlan⁴

Affiliations

¹ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Green Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt. Electronic address: tamsaid@yahoo.com.
² Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
³ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
⁴ Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

PMID: 28069235
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.12.015

Abstract

The atom-efficient and green protocol for formation of pyrano[3,4-e][1,3]oxazines utilizing dimethyl carbonate under ultrasound irradiation in a presence of KF/basic alumina was reported. We provide a novel series of pyrano[3,4-e][1,3]oxazine derivatives interesting for biological screening tests. In general, it was found that ultrasound irradiations enable the reactions to occur which could not be carried out under silent conditions. These remarkable effects appeared in sonicated reactions can be reasonably interpreted in terms of acoustic cavitation phenomenon. Structures of the products were established on analytical and spectral data. This protocol offers several advantages attain many principles of green chemistry including, save energy, atom economy, clean reactions, inexpensive green reagent and use catalysts rather than stoichiometric reagents.

Keywords: Atom economy; Dimethyl carbonate(DMC); KF/basic alumina; Pyrano[3,4-e][1,3]oxazine derivatives; Ultrasound irradiation.