In dogs, neoplasia is the most common cause of hypercalcemia, followed by primary hyperparathyroidism, chronic kidney disease, and hypoadrenocorticism. In cats, idiopathic hypercalcemia is the most common cause, followed by chronic kidney disease and then neoplasia. Prognosis and treatment ultimately depend on the cause of the hypercalcemia.
Keywords: Complexed calcium; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypervitaminosis D; Ionized calcium; Malignancy-associated hypercalcemia; Protein-bound calcium; Total calcium.
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