Quaternized cashew gum: An anti-staphylococcal and biocompatible cationic polymer for biotechnological applications

Patrick V Quelemes; Alyne R de Araújo; Alexandra Plácido; Cristina Delerue-Matos; Jeanny S Maciel; Lucinda J Bessa; Alicia S Ombredane; Graziella A Joanitti; Maria José Dos S Soares; Peter Eaton; Durcilene A da Silva; José Roberto S A Leite

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.026

Quaternized cashew gum: An anti-staphylococcal and biocompatible cationic polymer for biotechnological applications

Carbohydr Polym. 2017 Feb 10:157:567-575. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.026. Epub 2016 Oct 12.

Affiliations

¹ Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, 64202020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
² REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
³ Departamento de Química Orgânica e inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, UFC, Campus do Pici, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
⁴ UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
⁵ Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, 70910-900 Brasília, Distrito Federal, DF, Brazil.
⁶ Departmento de Morfofisiologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paiuí, 64049550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
⁷ Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, 64202020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil; UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
⁸ Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, 64202020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil; UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Área de Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, FM, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, Distrito Federal, DF 70910-900, Brazil. Electronic address: jrsaleite@gmail.com.

PMID: 27987963
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.026

Abstract

Chemical modifications to cashew gum (CG) structure have been previously reported to obtain new physicochemical characteristics, however until now there were no reports of modifications by introduction of new functional groups to add cationic character. This study presents a quaternization route for CG using a quaternary ammonium reagent. The chemical features of the quaternized cashew gum derivatives (QCG) were analyzed by: FTIR, elemental analysis, degree of substitution, Zeta potential, ¹H NMR and ¹H-¹³C correlation (HSQC). QCG were evaluated for their anti-staphylococcal activity by determining minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations against pathogenic Staphylococcus spp. and by imaging using atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the mammalian cell biocompatibility were also assessed through hemolytic and cell toxicity assays. QCG presented promising antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and biocompatibility on tested cells. These results show that QCG could be a promising tool in the development of biomaterials with an anti-septic action.

Keywords: (3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride solution (PubChem CID: 18732); Acetone (PubChem CID: 180); Antibacterial; Biocompatibility; Cashew gum; Hydrochloric acid (PubChem CID: 313); Quaternization; Sodium hydroxide (PubChem CID: 14798); Staphylococcus spp..

MeSH terms

Anacardium / chemistry*
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry*
Biocompatible Materials / chemistry
Cell Line
Erythrocytes / drug effects
Hemolysis
Humans
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
Mice
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Plant Gums / chemistry*
Polymers
Staphylococcus / drug effects

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Biocompatible Materials
Plant Gums
Polymers