Effects of purified anthocyanin supplementation on platelet chemokines in hypocholesterolemic individuals: a randomized controlled trial

Xiandan Zhang; Yanna Zhu; Fenglin Song; Yanling Yao; Fuli Ya; Dan Li; Wenhua Ling; Yan Yang

doi:10.1186/s12986-016-0146-2

Effects of purified anthocyanin supplementation on platelet chemokines in hypocholesterolemic individuals: a randomized controlled trial

Nutr Metab (Lond). 2016 Nov 25:13:86. doi: 10.1186/s12986-016-0146-2. eCollection 2016.

Authors

Xiandan Zhang^#^{1

2}, Yanna Zhu^#³, Fenglin Song⁴, Yanling Yao^{1

2}, Fuli Ya^{1

2}, Dan Li^{1

2}, Wenhua Ling^{1

2}, Yan Yang^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
² Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
³ Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
⁴ School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: It is becoming increasingly evident that platelet chemokines are involved in distinct aspects of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of long-term supplementation with purified anthocyanins on platelet chemokines in hypercholesterolemic individuals and to identify correlations of decreased platelet chemokine levels with serum lipid and inflammatory marker levels.

Methods: A total of 146 hypercholesterolemic individuals were recruited and treated with 320 mg of purified anthocyanins (n = 73) or a placebo (n = 73) daily for 24 weeks in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Results: Anthocyanin supplementation for 24 weeks significantly decreased the plasma CXCL7 (-12.32% vs. 4.22%, P = 0.001), CXCL5 (-9.95% vs. 1.93%, P = 0.011), CXCL8 (-6.07% vs. 0.66%, P = 0.004), CXCL12 (-8.11% vs. 5.43%, P = 0.023) and CCL2 levels (-11.63% vs. 12.84%, P = 0.001) compared with the placebo. Interestingly, the decreases in the CXCL7 and CCL2 levels were both positively correlated with the decreases in the serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels after anthocyanin supplementation for 24 weeks. The decrease in the CXCL8 level was negatively correlated with the increase in the how-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level and was positively correlated with the decrease in the soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) level in the anthocyanin group. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between the decreases in the CXCL12 and tumornecrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels after anthocyanin supplementation. However, the plasma CXCL4L1, CXCL1, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and human plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) levels did not significantly change following anthocyanin supplementation.

Conclusions: The present study supports the notion that platelet chemokines are promising targets of anthocyanins in the prevention of atherosclerosis.

Trial registration: ChiCTR-TRC-08000240. Registered: 10 December 2008.

Keywords: Anthocyanins; CXCL7; Hypercholesterolemia; Inflammation; Platelet chemokines; Serum lipids.