Update of choroidal imaging techniques: Past, present and future

Abstract

The choroid is the middle layer of the eye, a very vascular and pigmented tissue, with its role in several ophthalmological pathologies already having been clearly established. But it was not until the last few years that we have been able to reliably and precisely measure and quantify its shape and thickness. Ultrasound technology and indocyanine green angiography were the first techniques used for the study of the choroid, and they still maintain their use and clinical indications for the diagnosis and management of several pathologies. But it was the advent of optical coherence tomography that was the greatest breakthrough in choroidal imaging. In this chapter, the past, current and future image modalities for the study of the choroid will be discussed, with special focus on optical coherence tomography and its latest developments.

Keywords: Angiografía; Angiografía OCT; Angiography; Choroidal imaging techniques; En face optical coherence tomography; OCT; OCT angiography; Optical coherence tomography; Tomografía de coherencia óptica; Tomografía de coherencia óptica en face; Técnicas de imagen coroidea; Ultrasonografía; Ultrasound.