Abstract
H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1 HPAI) virus causes elevated mortality compared with seasonal influenza viruses like H1N1 pandemic influenza (H1N1 pdm) virus. We identified a mechanism associated with the severe symptoms seen with H5N1 HPAI virus infection. H5N1 HPAI virus infection induced a decrease of dendritic cell number in the splenic extrafollicular T-cell zone and impaired formation of the outer layers of B-cell follicles, resulting in insufficient levels of antibody production after infection. However, in animals vaccinated with a live recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the H5 hemagglutinin, infection with H5N1 HPAI virus induced parafollicular dendritic cell accumulation and efficient antibody production. These results indicate that a recombinant vaccinia encoding H5 hemagglutinin gene does not impair dendritic cell recruitment and can be a useful vaccine candidate.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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B-Lymphocytes / pathology
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B-Lymphocytes / virology
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CD11c Antigen / immunology
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CD11c Antigen / metabolism
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Dendritic Cells / immunology
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Dendritic Cells / pathology
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Dendritic Cells / virology
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Female
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / genetics
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / immunology*
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Host-Pathogen Interactions / immunology
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Immunity, Humoral
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / immunology
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / pathogenicity
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Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / immunology
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Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / pathogenicity*
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Influenza Vaccines / genetics
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Influenza Vaccines / immunology*
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Lung / pathology
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Lung / virology
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Macaca fascicularis
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology*
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
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Pneumonia, Viral / pathology
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Pneumonia, Viral / virology
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Spleen / immunology
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Spleen / pathology
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Spleen / virology
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Vaccinia virus / genetics*
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Vaccinia virus / immunology
Substances
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CD11c Antigen
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
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Influenza Vaccines
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hemagglutinin, avian influenza A virus