Characterization of a new chlorovirus type with permissive and non-permissive features on phylogenetically related algal strains

Cristian F Quispe; Ahmed Esmael; Olivia Sonderman; Michelle McQuinn; Irina Agarkova; Mohammed Battah; Garry A Duncan; David D Dunigan; Timothy P L Smith; Cristina De Castro; Immacolata Speciale; Fangrui Ma; James L Van Etten

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2016.10.013

Characterization of a new chlorovirus type with permissive and non-permissive features on phylogenetically related algal strains

Virology. 2017 Jan:500:103-113. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.10.013. Epub 2016 Oct 27.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583-0900, USA; School of Biological Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA.
² Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583-0900, USA; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Qalubiya Governorate, 13511, Egypt.
³ Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583-0900, USA.
⁴ Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583-0900, USA; Department of Plant Pathology and University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583-0722, USA.
⁵ Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Qalubiya Governorate, 13511, Egypt.
⁶ Department of Biology, Nebraska Wesleyan University, Lincoln, NE 68504-2794, USA.
⁷ Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA.
⁸ Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Napoli, Via Universita 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy.
⁹ Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy.
¹⁰ Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0900, USA.
¹¹ Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583-0900, USA; Department of Plant Pathology and University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583-0722, USA. Electronic address: jvanetten1@unl.edu.

Abstract

A previous report indicated that prototype chlorovirus PBCV-1 replicated in two Chlorella variabilis algal strains, NC64A and Syngen 2-3, that are ex-endosymbionts isolated from the protozoan Paramecium bursaria. Surprisingly, plaque-forming viruses on Syngen 2-3 lawns were often higher than on NC64A lawns from indigenous water samples. These differences led to the discovery of viruses that exclusively replicate in Syngen 2-3 cells, named Only Syngen (OSy) viruses. OSy-NE5, the prototype virus for the proposed new species, had a linear dsDNA genome of 327kb with 44-nucleotide-long, incompletely base-paired, covalently closed hairpin ends. Each hairpin structure was followed by an identical 2612 base-paired inverted sequence after which the DNA sequence diverged. OSy-NE5 encoded 357 predicted CDSs and 13 tRNAs. Interestingly, OSy-NE5 attached to and initiated infection in NC64A cells but infectious progeny viruses were not produced; thus OSy-NE5 replication in NC64A is blocked at some later stage of replication.

Keywords: Algal viruses; Chlorella variabilis; Chloroviruses; Non-permissive cells; OSy-NE5; Permissive cells.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

Base Sequence
Chlorella / virology*
Genome, Viral
Molecular Sequence Data
Phycodnaviridae / classification
Phycodnaviridae / genetics*
Phycodnaviridae / isolation & purification
Phycodnaviridae / physiology
Phylogeny*
RNA, Viral / chemistry
RNA, Viral / genetics
Viral Proteins / genetics
Viral Proteins / metabolism
Virus Replication

Substances

RNA, Viral
Viral Proteins

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding