Volumetric and densitometric evaluation of the adrenal glands in patients with primary aldosteronism

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2017 Mar;86(3):325-331. doi: 10.1111/cen.13258. Epub 2016 Nov 17.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate volumetric and densitometric properties of the adrenal glands in patients with unilateral and bilateral disease in comparison with normal controls.

Design: A total of 77 patients (56 males and 21 females) diagnosed with primary aldosteronism (PA) with a mean age of 53 ± 10 years were prospectively enrolled. Unenhanced and contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans were analysed for adrenal volumes and mean densities. These values were compared with normal controls and between PA subtypes.

Results: Adrenals containing an aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA, n = 56) had on average higher attenuation values as compared to adrenals with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (n = 21). Mean adrenal gland volume in PA patients was not significantly different between PA subtypes. In comparison with normal adrenal glands, volumes were significantly higher in PA patients (P < 0·0001) including adrenals contralateral to APAs, which were significantly larger in comparison with controls.

Conclusion: Independent of subtype differentiation, adrenal volumetry reveals higher adrenal volumes in PA patients in comparison with normal controls. These findings provide indirect evidence for a general adrenal growth dysregulation in the context of PA.

MeSH terms

  • Adenoma / metabolism
  • Adenoma / pathology
  • Adrenal Glands / growth & development
  • Adrenal Glands / pathology*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aldosterone / metabolism
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Germany
  • Humans
  • Hyperaldosteronism / diagnosis*
  • Hyperplasia
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Organ Size
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Aldosterone