Thyroid carcinoma is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy, with an increasing incidence over the past decades. Treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer consists of surgery followed by radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation of the thyroid remnant, and TSH suppression. Among new therapeutic solutions for patients with advanced RR-DTC stage, the most promising seem to be sorafenib and lenvatinib, up to now considered to be orphan drugs. Areas covered: We performed a systematic review of medical databases to collect all eligible clinical trials referring to the topic of our analysis. Due to the lack of direct clinical trials comparing the drugs we used an adjusted indirect comparison of efficacy and safety of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) by Bucher method. Expert commentary: Lenvatinib and sorafenib are drugs with strong evidence on efficacy in treatment of RR-DTC. Based on the currently available clinical data lenvatinib occurred more efficacious then sorafenib in RR-DTC therapy. Safety profile of the drugs was acceptable and comparative. Kinase inhibitors constitute a substantial progress in treatment of advanced thyroid cancer, have achieved long-lasting response and have improved survival without progress of the disease. In the near future we will deal with a range of therapeutic options for patients.
Keywords: Lenvatinib; differentiated thyroid cancer; indirect comparison; sorafenib; systematic review.