Nomenclature for renal replacement therapy in acute kidney injury: basic principles

Mauro Neri; Gianluca Villa; Francesco Garzotto; Sean Bagshaw; Rinaldo Bellomo; Jorge Cerda; Fiorenza Ferrari; Silvia Guggia; Michael Joannidis; John Kellum; Jeong Chul Kim; Ravindra L Mehta; Zaccaria Ricci; Alberto Trevisani; Silvio Marafon; William R Clark; Jean-Louis Vincent; Claudio Ronco; Nomenclature Standardization Initiative (NSI) alliance

doi:10.1186/s13054-016-1489-9

Nomenclature for renal replacement therapy in acute kidney injury: basic principles

Crit Care. 2016 Oct 10;20(1):318. doi: 10.1186/s13054-016-1489-9.

Authors

Mauro Neri^{1

2}, Gianluca Villa^{1

3}, Francesco Garzotto¹, Sean Bagshaw⁴, Rinaldo Bellomo⁵, Jorge Cerda⁶, Fiorenza Ferrari¹, Silvia Guggia¹, Michael Joannidis⁷, John Kellum⁸, Jeong Chul Kim⁹, Ravindra L Mehta¹⁰, Zaccaria Ricci¹¹, Alberto Trevisani², Silvio Marafon¹², William R Clark¹³, Jean-Louis Vincent¹⁴, Claudio Ronco¹⁵; Nomenclature Standardization Initiative (NSI) alliance

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, San Bortolo Hospital, Viale Rodolfi 37, Vicenza, 36100, Italy.
² Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, Vicenza, Italy.
³ Department of Health Sciences, Section of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
⁴ Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
⁵ Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
⁶ Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12209, USA.
⁷ Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
⁸ Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
⁹ Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
¹⁰ Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
¹¹ Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
¹² Department of Intensive Care, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.
¹³ Purdue University College of Engineering, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
¹⁵ Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, San Bortolo Hospital, Viale Rodolfi 37, Vicenza, 36100, Italy. cronco@goldnet.it.

Abstract

This article reports the conclusions of a consensus expert conference on the basic principles and nomenclature of renal replacement therapy (RRT) currently utilized to manage acute kidney injury (AKI). This multidisciplinary consensus conference discusses common definitions, components, techniques, and operations of the machines and platforms used to deliver extracorporeal therapies, utilizing a "machine-centric" rather than a "patient-centric" approach. We provide a detailed description of the performance characteristics of membranes, filters, transmembrane transport of solutes and fluid, flows, and methods of measurement of delivered treatment, focusing on continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRT) which are utilized in the management of critically ill patients with AKI. This is a consensus report on nomenclature harmonization for principles of extracorporeal renal replacement therapies. Devices and operations are classified and defined in detail to serve as guidelines for future use of terminology in papers and research.

Keywords: CRRT efficiency; CRRT membranes; CRRT modalities; Clearance; Convection; Diffusion; Dose; Terminology; Transmembrane pressure; Ultrafiltration.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Acute Kidney Injury / classification*
Acute Kidney Injury / therapy*
Critical Illness / therapy
Humans
Renal Dialysis / classification
Renal Dialysis / methods
Renal Replacement Therapy / classification*
Renal Replacement Therapy / methods
Terminology as Topic*
Ultrafiltration / classification
Ultrafiltration / methods