Genetic and Epigenetic Components of Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease

Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2016 Nov;36(4):765-789. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2016.06.010.

Abstract

Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) severity and its clinical phenotypes are characterized by genetic variation within pathways for arachidonic acid metabolism, inflammation, and immune responses. Epigenetic effects, including DNA methylation and histone protein modification, contribute to regulation of many genes that contribute to inflammatory states in AERD. The development of noninvasive, predictive clinical tests using data from genetic, epigenetic, pharmacogenetic, and biomarker studies will improve precision medicine efforts for AERD and asthma treatment.

Keywords: AERD; Biomarker; Cysteinyl leukotriene; Eosinophil; Epigenetics; Polymorphism.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Alleles
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / adverse effects*
  • Aspirin / adverse effects*
  • Biomarkers
  • Disease Management
  • Eosinophils / immunology
  • Eosinophils / metabolism
  • Epigenesis, Genetic*
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease*
  • Genome-Wide Association Study
  • Humans
  • Polymorphism, Genetic
  • Quantitative Trait Loci
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / diagnosis
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / etiology*
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / metabolism
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / therapy

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Biomarkers
  • Aspirin