Obstract: To identify Mycobacteria isolated from AIDS patients and to evaluate the diagnostic value of MBP64 antigen Colloidal Gold Diagnostic Kit in distinguishing Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) and Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Methods: A total of 140 Mycobacteria isolates from AIDS patients were collected and identified by using 16SrDNA PCR assay as well as immune colloidal gold technique (MBP64 antigen Colloidal Gold Diagnostic Kit). The sensitivity and specificity of Colloidal Gold method was analyzed. Results: With the results of 16SrDNA PCR assay as gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of Colloidal Gold method in distinguishing MTB and NTM were 96.00% and 96.84%, respectively. Among 140 samples, 114 were identified by 16SrDNA PCR assay, among which 50 (43.86%) were identified as MTB, and 63 (55.26%) were identified as NTM. The most popular NTM in AIDS patients were Mycobacterium gordonae, Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium kansasii. Conclusion: NTM is of high prevalence in AIDS patients, and MBP64 antigen Colloidal Gold Diagnostic Kit can be used as an effective technique in distinguishing NTM and MTB.
目的: 对艾滋病合并分枝杆菌感染患者菌株标本进行菌种鉴定，评价MPB64抗原胶体金法快速检测试剂盒鉴别分枝杆菌的价值。
方法: 对艾滋病患者临床标本中培养出的140株分枝杆菌菌株用16SrDNA测序的方法进行菌种鉴定，分析艾滋病患者中常见非结核性分枝杆菌（NTM）菌种，同时对这些标本用MPB64抗原免疫胶体金法进行菌株鉴定，分析后者的敏感性和特异性。
结果: 以16SrDNA测序结果为金标准，MPB64抗原胶体金法快速检测区分结核分枝杆菌（MTB）与NTM的敏感性和特异性分别为96.00%和96.84%。共有114份标本（114/140，81.43%）获得明确鉴定结果，其中50份（43.86%）为MTB，63份标本（55.26%）鉴定为NTM。最常见的NTM菌种为戈登分枝杆菌、鸟分枝杆菌和堪萨斯分枝杆菌。
结论: MPB64抗原胶体金法检测分枝杆菌菌种具有较好的特异性，且快速、经济、简便，适合用于临床对MTB及NTM的初步鉴别。艾滋病合并结核患者中NTM的比例较高，需进行菌种鉴定以指导临床治疗。