Beyond Zipf's Law: The Lavalette Rank Function and Its Properties

PLoS One. 2016 Sep 22;11(9):e0163241. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163241. eCollection 2016.

Abstract

Although Zipf's law is widespread in natural and social data, one often encounters situations where one or both ends of the ranked data deviate from the power-law function. Previously we proposed the Beta rank function to improve the fitting of data which does not follow a perfect Zipf's law. Here we show that when the two parameters in the Beta rank function have the same value, the Lavalette rank function, the probability density function can be derived analytically. We also show both computationally and analytically that Lavalette distribution is approximately equal, though not identical, to the lognormal distribution. We illustrate the utility of Lavalette rank function in several datasets. We also address three analysis issues on the statistical testing of Lavalette fitting function, comparison between Zipf's law and lognormal distribution through Lavalette function, and comparison between lognormal distribution and Lavalette distribution.

Grants and funding

This project was partially supported by PAPIIT/UNAM IN107414. OF acknowledges financial support from CONACyT Mexico. WL acknowledges support from the The Robert S Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics. YY acknowledges support from Natural Science Foundation of China 11271346 D. Sc. PM wishes to thank the PASPA/UNAM program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.