Spectroscopic, structural characterizations and antioxidant capacity of the chromium (III) niacinamide compound as a diabetes mellitus drug model

Moamen S Refat; Samy M El-Megharbel; M A Hussien; Reham Z Hamza; Mohamed A Al-Omar; Ahmed M Naglah; Walid M Afifi; Mohamed I Kobeasy

doi:10.1016/j.saa.2016.08.053

Spectroscopic, structural characterizations and antioxidant capacity of the chromium (III) niacinamide compound as a diabetes mellitus drug model

Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2017 Feb 15:173:122-131. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.08.053. Epub 2016 Aug 30.

Authors

Moamen S Refat¹, Samy M El-Megharbel², M A Hussien³, Reham Z Hamza⁴, Mohamed A Al-Omar⁵, Ahmed M Naglah⁶, Walid M Afifi⁷, Mohamed I Kobeasy⁸

Affiliations

¹ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888, Al-Hawiah, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said, Port Said University, Egypt. Electronic address: msrefat@yahoo.com.
² Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888, Al-Hawiah, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
³ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said, Port Said University, Egypt.
⁴ Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
⁵ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Exploration and Development Chair, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Exploration and Development Chair, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Peptide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 12622-Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
⁷ International Extended Care Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Nephrology Unit, Zagazig University Hospital, Egypt.
⁸ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888, Al-Hawiah, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.

PMID: 27619974
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.08.053

Abstract

New binuclear chromium (III) niacinamide compound with chemical formula [Cr₂(Nic)(Cl)₆(H₂O)₄]·H₂O was obtained upon the reaction of chromium (III) chloride with niacinamide (Nic) in methanol solvent at 60°C. The proposed structure was discussed with the help of microanalytical analyses, conductivity, spectroscopic (FT-IR and UV-vis.), magnetic calculations, thermogravimetric analyses (TG/TGA), and morphological studies (X-ray of solid powder and scan electron microscopy. The infrared spectrum of free niacinamide in comparison with its chromium (III) compound indicated that the chelation mode occurs via both nitrogen atoms of pyridine ring and primary -NH₂ group. The efficiency of chromium (III) niacinamide compound in decreasing of glucose level of blood and HbA1c in case of diabetic rats was checked. The ameliorating gluconeogenic enzymes, lipid profile and antioxidant defense capacities are considered as an indicator of the efficiency of new chromium (III) compound as antidiabetic drug model.

Keywords: Chromium; Diabetes; Niacinamide; Spectral studies.

MeSH terms

Animals
Antioxidants / chemistry
Antioxidants / pharmacology*
Blood Glucose / metabolism
Chlorides / chemistry
Chromium Compounds / administration & dosage
Chromium Compounds / chemistry*
Chromium Compounds / pharmacology*
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / drug therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / metabolism
Glycogen / metabolism
Hypoglycemic Agents / chemistry
Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology*
Liver / drug effects
Liver / metabolism
Male
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Niacinamide / chemistry*
Niacinamide / pharmacology
Rats, Wistar
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Thermogravimetry
X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

Antioxidants
Blood Glucose
Chlorides
Chromium Compounds
Hypoglycemic Agents
Niacinamide
Glycogen
chromous chloride