Methotrexate intercalated calcium carbonate nanostructures: Synthesis, phase transformation and bioassay study

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2016 Dec 1:69:577-83. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.07.009. Epub 2016 Jul 6.

Abstract

The formation and stabilization of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) is an active area of research owing to the presence of stable ACC in various biogenic minerals. In this paper, the synthesis of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) under the participation of methotrexate (MTX) via a facile gas diffusion route was reported. The results indicated that the addition of MTX can result in the phase transformation of CaCO3, and then two kinds of hybrids, i.e., MTX-vaterite and stable MTX-ACC came into being. Interestingly, the functional agent MTX served as both the target anticancer drug loaded and effective complexation agents to modify and control the morphology of final samples. The examination of MTX-ACC biodegradation process revealed that the collapse of MTX-ACC nanoparticles was due to the synergistic effect of drug release and the phase transformation. Finally, our study also proved that MTX-ACC exhibited the most excellent suppressing function on the viability of cancer cells, especially after long-time duration.

Keywords: Amorphous; Bioassay explore; Calcium carbonate; Drug loading; Methotrexate; Phase transformation.

MeSH terms

  • A549 Cells
  • Animals
  • Biological Assay / methods*
  • Calcium Carbonate / chemical synthesis*
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Methotrexate / chemical synthesis*
  • Methotrexate / chemistry
  • Methotrexate / pharmacology
  • Mice
  • Nanostructures / chemistry*
  • Nanostructures / ultrastructure
  • PC12 Cells
  • Particle Size
  • Phase Transition* / drug effects
  • Rats
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

  • Calcium Carbonate
  • Methotrexate