Metabolic preconditioning protects BSEP/ABCB11-/- mice against cholestatic liver injury

Claudia D Fuchs; Gustav Paumgartner; Annika Wahlström; Philipp Schwabl; Thomas Reiberger; Nadja Leditznig; Tatjana Stojakovic; Nataliya Rohr-Udilova; Peter Chiba; Hanns-Ulrich Marschall; Michael Trauner

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.08.017

Metabolic preconditioning protects BSEP/ABCB11^-/- mice against cholestatic liver injury

J Hepatol. 2017 Jan;66(1):95-101. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.08.017. Epub 2016 Sep 1.

Affiliations

¹ Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
² Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
³ Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
⁴ Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
⁵ Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; HCC Study Group, Div. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dept. of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
⁶ Institute of Medical Chemistry, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
⁷ Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: michael.trauner@meduniwien.ac.at.

PMID: 27593105
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.08.017

Abstract

Background & aims: Cholestasis is characterized by intrahepatic accumulation of potentially cytotoxic bile acids (BAs) subsequently leading to liver injury with disruption of hepatocellular integrity, inflammation, fibrosis and ultimately liver cirrhosis. Bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11) is the main canalicular BA transporter and therefore the rate limiting step for hepatobiliary BA excretion. In this study we aimed to investigate the role of BSEP/ABCB11 in the development of acquired cholestatic liver and bile duct injury.

Methods: Wild-type (WT) and BSEP knockout (BSEP^-/-) mice were subjected to common bile duct ligation (CBDL) or 3.5-diethoxycarbonyl-1.4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) feeding as models for cholestasis with biliary obstruction and bile duct injury. mRNA expression profile, serum biochemistry, liver histology, immunohistochemistry, hepatic hydroxyproline levels and BA composition as well as biliary pressure were assessed.

Results: BSEP^-/- mice were protected against acquired cholestatic liver injury induced by 7days of CBDL or 4weeks of DDC feeding, as reflected by unchanged serum levels of liver transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and BAs. Notably, BSEP^-/- mice were also protected from cholestasis-induced hepatic inflammation and biliary fibrosis. In line with induced BA detoxification/hydroxylation pathways in BSEP^-/- mice, polyhydroxylated BAs were increased 4-fold after CBDL and 6-fold after DDC feeding in comparison with cholestatic WT mice. Finally, following CBDL, biliary pressure in WT mice increased up to 47mmH₂O but remained below 11mmH₂O in BSEP^-/- mice.

Conclusion: Metabolic preconditioning with subsequent changes in BA metabolism favors detoxification of potentially toxic BAs and thereby protects BSEP^-/- mice from cholestatic liver and bile duct injury.

Lay summary: Reduced hepatobiliary bile acid transport due to loss of BSEP function leads to increased hydroxylation of bile acids in the liver. Metabolic preconditioning with a hydrophilic bile pool protects the BSEP^-/- mice from acquired cholestatic liver disease.

Keywords: Bile salt export pump; Intrahepatic cholestasis; Polyhydroxylated bile acids.

MeSH terms

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11 / metabolism*
Animals
Bile Acids and Salts / metabolism*
Bile Canaliculi
Bile Ducts* / physiopathology
Bile Ducts* / surgery
Cholestasis, Intrahepatic / metabolism*
Cholestasis, Intrahepatic / prevention & control
Hepatocytes / metabolism*
Ligation / methods*
Mice
Therapeutic Occlusion / methods*

Substances

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11
Bile Acids and Salts