Metastatic disease from uveal melanoma: treatment options and future prospects

Br J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jan;101(1):38-44. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-309034. Epub 2016 Aug 29.

Abstract

Uveal melanoma represents ∼85% of all ocular melanomas and up to 50% of patients develop metastatic disease. Metastases are most frequently localised to the liver and, as few patients are candidates for potentially curative surgery, this is associated with a poor prognosis. There is currently little published evidence for the optimal management and treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma and the lack of effective therapies in this setting has led to the widespread use of systemic treatments for patients with cutaneous melanoma. Uveal and cutaneous melanomas are intrinsically different diseases and so dedicated management strategies and therapies for uveal melanoma are much needed. This review explores the biology of uveal melanoma and how this relates to ongoing trials of targeted therapies in the metastatic disease setting. In addition, we consider the options to optimise patient management and care.

Keywords: Choroid; Ciliary body; Drugs; Iris; Treatment Medical.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Liver Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Liver Neoplasms / secondary
  • Melanoma / drug therapy*
  • Melanoma / genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy / methods*
  • Neoplasm Metastasis / drug therapy*
  • Prognosis
  • Uveal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Uveal Neoplasms / genetics

Supplementary concepts

  • Uveal melanoma