Spheroid Formation of Hepatocarcinoma Cells in Microwells: Experiments and Monte Carlo Simulations

PLoS One. 2016 Aug 29;11(8):e0161915. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161915. eCollection 2016.

Abstract

The formation of spherical aggregates during the growth of cell population has long been observed under various conditions. We observed the formation of such aggregates during proliferation of Huh-7.5 cells, a human hepatocarcinoma cell line, in a microfabricated low-adhesion microwell system (SpheroFilm; formed of mass-producible silicone elastomer) on the length scales up to 500 μm. The cell proliferation was also tracked with immunofluorescence staining of F-actin and cell proliferation marker Ki-67. Meanwhile, our complementary 3D Monte Carlo simulations, taking cell diffusion and division, cell-cell and cell-scaffold adhesion, and gravity into account, illustrate the role of these factors in the formation of spheroids. Taken together, our experimental and simulation results provide an integrative view of the process of spheroid formation for Huh-7.5 cells.

MeSH terms

  • Actins / metabolism
  • Cell Culture Techniques
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / physiology
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique
  • Humans
  • Ki-67 Antigen / metabolism
  • Kinetics
  • Monte Carlo Method*
  • Spheroids, Cellular / metabolism
  • Spheroids, Cellular / pathology*

Substances

  • Actins
  • Ki-67 Antigen

Grants and funding

This work was funded by National Research Foundation Singapore (www.nrf.gov.sg), NRF-NRFF2011-01 and NRF-CRP10-2012-07, awarded to NJC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.