Discovery of S3-Truncated, C-6 Heteroaryl Substituted Aminothiazine β-Site APP Cleaving Enzyme-1 (BACE1) Inhibitors

J Med Chem. 2016 Sep 22;59(18):8593-600. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01012. Epub 2016 Sep 7.

Abstract

Truncation of the S3 substituent of the biaryl aminothiazine 2, a potent BACE1 inhibitor, led to a low molecular weight aminothiazine 5 with moderate activity. Despite its moderate activity, compound 5 demonstrated significant brain Aβ reduction in rodents. The metabolic instability of 5 was overcome by the replacement of the 6-dimethylisoxazole, a metabolic soft spot, with a pyrimidine ring. Thus, truncation of the S3 substituent represents a viable approach to the discovery of orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant BACE1 inhibitors.

MeSH terms

  • Amination
  • Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / metabolism
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / metabolism
  • Brain / drug effects
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / blood
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Rats
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Thiazines / blood
  • Thiazines / chemistry*
  • Thiazines / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Thiazines
  • Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases
  • Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases
  • BACE1 protein, human