Inhibition of Bacillus anthracis metallo-β-lactamase by compounds with hydroxamic acid functionality

J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2016;31(sup4):132-137. doi: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1222580. Epub 2016 Aug 25.

Abstract

Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) that catalyze hydrolysis of β-lactam antibiotics are an emerging threat due to their rapid spread. A strain of the bacterium Bacillus anthracis has its ability to produce and secrete a MBL, referred to Bla2. To address this challenge, novel hydroxamic acid-containing compounds such as 3-(heptyloxy)-N-hydroxybenzamide (compound 4) and N-hydroxy-3-((6-(hydroxyamino)-6-oxohexyl)oxy)benzamide (compound 7) were synthesized. Kinetic analysis of microbial inhibition indicated that the both sides of hydroxamic acids containing compound 7 revealed a reversible, competitive inhibition with a Ki value of 0.18 ± 0.06 μM. The result has reflected that the both sides of dihydroxamic acids in a molecule play a crucial role in the binding affinity rather than monohydroxamic containing compound 4 which was unable to inhibit Bla2. In addition, in silico analysis suggested that compound 7 was coordinated with a zinc ion in the active site of enzyme. These observations suggest that the dihydroxamic acid-containing compound may be a promising drug candidate, and a further implication for designing new inhibitors of Bla2.

Keywords: Enzyme kinetics; inhibition; lactamase.

MeSH terms

  • Bacillus anthracis / enzymology*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Hydroxamic Acids / chemical synthesis
  • Hydroxamic Acids / chemistry
  • Hydroxamic Acids / pharmacology*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • beta-Lactamase Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • beta-Lactamase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • beta-Lactamase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • beta-Lactamases / metabolism*

Substances

  • Hydroxamic Acids
  • beta-Lactamase Inhibitors
  • beta-Lactamases