Nano-hydroxyapatite/β-CD/chitosan nanocomposite for potential applications in bone tissue engineering

Int J Biol Macromol. 2016 Dec;93(Pt A):276-289. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.08.046. Epub 2016 Aug 16.

Abstract

Herein, we report the synthesis of a novel tri-component nanocomposite system incorporating β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) and chitosan (CS), (n-HA/β-CD/CS) at three different temperatures via co-precipitation method. The chemical interactions and surface morphology have been evaluated by TEM, SEM and AFM techniques revealing the agglomerated nanoparticles in CS/n-HA-HA binary system whereas the ternary systems produced needle shaped nanoparticles dispersed homogeneously at low temperature with more porous and rougher surface. The addition of β-CD in CS/n-HA at low temperature decreased the particle size and raised the thermal stability as compared to CS/n-HA. The comparative hemolytic, protein adsorption and platelet adhesion studies confirmed the better hemocompatibility of n-HA/β-CD/CS-(RT,HT,LT) nanocomposites relative to CS/n-HA. The cell viability has been evaluated in vitro using MG-63 cell line which revealed superior non toxicity of n-HA/β-CD/CS-LT nanocomposite in comparison to n-HA/β-CD/CS-(RT,HT) and CS/n-HA nanocomposites. Thus it may be concluded that the orchestrated organic/inorganic n-HA/β-CD/CS-(RT,HT,LT) nanocomposites exhibited relatively higher cell viability of human osteoblast cells, stimulated greater osteogenesis, controlled biodegradation, enhanced antibacterial activity with excellent in-vitro biomineralization and remarkable mechanical parameters as compared to CS/n-HA nanocomposite and thus may provide opportunities for potential use as an alternative biomaterial for Bone tissue engineering applications.

Keywords: ALP assay; Chitosan; Heamocompatible; MTT assay; β-cyclodextrin.

MeSH terms

  • Alkaline Phosphatase / metabolism
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / metabolism
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / toxicity
  • Biocompatible Materials / chemistry
  • Biocompatible Materials / metabolism
  • Biocompatible Materials / pharmacology
  • Biocompatible Materials / toxicity
  • Bone and Bones / cytology*
  • Cell Line
  • Chitosan / chemistry*
  • Compressive Strength
  • Durapatite / chemistry*
  • Hardness
  • Hemolysis / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Nanocomposites / chemistry*
  • Nanocomposites / toxicity
  • Tissue Engineering*
  • Tissue Scaffolds / chemistry
  • beta-Cyclodextrins / chemistry*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Biocompatible Materials
  • beta-Cyclodextrins
  • Chitosan
  • Durapatite
  • Alkaline Phosphatase