Diagnostic Performance of Treadmill Exercise Cardiac Magnetic Resonance: The Prospective, Multicenter Exercise CMR's Accuracy for Cardiovascular Stress Testing (EXACT) Trial

J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Aug 19;5(8):e003811. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003811.

Abstract

Background: Stress cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has typically involved pharmacologic agents. Treadmill CMR has shown utility in single-center studies but has not undergone multicenter evaluation.

Methods and results: Patients referred for treadmill stress nuclear imaging (SPECT) were prospectively enrolled across 4 centers. After rest (99m)Tc SPECT, patients underwent resting cine CMR. In-room stress was then performed using an MR-compatible treadmill with continuous 12-lead electrocardiogram monitoring. At peak stress, (99m)Tc was injected, and patients rapidly returned to the MR scanner isocenter for real-time, free-breathing stress cine and perfusion imaging. After recovery, cine and rest perfusion followed by late gadolinium enhancement acquisitions concluded CMR imaging. Stress SPECT was then acquired in adjacent nuclear laboratories. A subset of patients not referred for invasive coronary angiography within 2 weeks of stress underwent coronary computed tomography angiography. Angiographic data available in 94 patients showed sensitivity of 79%, specificity of 99% for exercise CMR with positive predictive value of 92% and negative predictive value of 96%. Agreement between treadmill stress CMR and angiography was strong (κ=0.82), and moderate between SPECT and angiography (κ=0.46) and CMR versus SPECT (κ=0.48).

Conclusions: The multicenter EXACT trial indicates excellent diagnostic value of treadmill stress CMR in typical patients referred for exercise SPECT.

Keywords: coronary disease; exercise; ischemia; magnetic resonance imaging; stress.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Coronary Angiography / methods
  • Coronary Disease / diagnosis*
  • Exercise Test / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Angiography / methods
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multimodal Imaging / methods
  • Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / methods*