Driving a Semiautonomous Mobile Robotic Car Controlled by an SSVEP-Based BCI

Comput Intell Neurosci. 2016:2016:4909685. doi: 10.1155/2016/4909685. Epub 2016 Jul 26.

Abstract

Brain-computer interfaces represent a range of acknowledged technologies that translate brain activity into computer commands. The aim of our research is to develop and evaluate a BCI control application for certain assistive technologies that can be used for remote telepresence or remote driving. The communication channel to the target device is based on the steady-state visual evoked potentials. In order to test the control application, a mobile robotic car (MRC) was introduced and a four-class BCI graphical user interface (with live video feedback and stimulation boxes on the same screen) for piloting the MRC was designed. For the purpose of evaluating a potential real-life scenario for such assistive technology, we present a study where 61 subjects steered the MRC through a predetermined route. All 61 subjects were able to control the MRC and finish the experiment (mean time 207.08 s, SD 50.25) with a mean (SD) accuracy and ITR of 93.03% (5.73) and 14.07 bits/min (4.44), respectively. The results show that our proposed SSVEP-based BCI control application is suitable for mobile robots with a shared-control approach. We also did not observe any negative influence of the simultaneous live video feedback and SSVEP stimulation on the performance of the BCI system.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Algorithms
  • Automobile Driving*
  • Automobiles
  • Brain-Computer Interfaces*
  • Electroencephalography
  • Evoked Potentials, Visual / physiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Neurofeedback*
  • Photic Stimulation
  • Psychomotor Performance / physiology
  • Robotics* / instrumentation
  • Robotics* / methods
  • Software
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult