The clinical behavior of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) differ between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletion (Ex19) and EGFR exon 21 L858R mutation (Ex21). This study aimed to evaluate whether these differences exist in surgically resected NSCLC. A total of 198 patients with surgically resected NSCLC harbouring Ex19 (n = 53), Ex21 (n = 51), and EGFR wild-type (Wt) (n = 94) were analyzed. The clinicopathological features, laboratory parameters, recurrent sites and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared according to mutational EGFR status. Ex21 occurred more frequently in female (p < 0.001), never-smokers (p < 0.001), adenocarcinoma (p < 0.001), low grade (p = 0.013) than Wt lesions. Ex19 occurred more frequently in female (p = 0.016), never-smokers (p = 0.008), adenocarcinoma (p < 0.001), low grade (p = 0.025) than Wt lesions. Ex 21 lesions (p = 0.026) had larger lepidic components than Wt lesions. Wt lesions had larger mucinous variant components than Ex21 lesions (p = 0.045) and Ex19 lesions (p = 0.015). Ex21 lesions were associated with lower pretreatment neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio (NLR) than Wt lesions (p = 0.017). The recurrent sites and DFS were similar among patients with Wt, Ex19 and Ex21.