Congenital cardiac membrane deficiency is a relatively rare condition. Here, we report a case of congenital cardiac membrane deficiency that manifested as left spontaneous pneumothorax. A 72-year-old man was hospitalized for recurrence of the spontaneous pneumothorax. Computed tomography findings led us to suspect pericardial deficits, and the perioperative findings during thoracoscopic surgery for the pneumothorax confirmed complete absence of the left pericardium. We resected a lung cyst but did not treat the pericardial deficit. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful.