Recombinant Mucin-Type Fusion Proteins with a Galα1,3Gal Substitution as Clostridium difficile Toxin A Inhibitors

Infect Immun. 2016 Sep 19;84(10):2842-52. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00341-16. Print 2016 Oct.

Abstract

The capability of a recombinant mucin-like fusion protein, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1/mouse IgG2b (PSGL-1/mIgG2b), carrying Galα1,3Galβ1,4GlcNAc determinants to bind and inhibit Clostridium difficile toxin A (TcdA) was investigated. The fusion protein, produced by a glyco-engineered stable CHO-K1 cell line and designated C-PGC2, was purified by affinity and gel filtration chromatography from large-scale cultures. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to characterize O-glycans released by reductive β-elimination, and new diagnostic ions to distinguish Galα1,3Gal- from Galα1,4Gal-terminated O-glycans were identified. The C-PGC2 cell line, which was 20-fold more sensitive to TcdA than the wild-type CHO-K1, is proposed as a novel cell-based model for TcdA cytotoxicity and neutralization assays. The C-PGC2-produced fusion protein could competitively inhibit TcdA binding to rabbit erythrocytes, making it a high-efficiency inhibitor of the hemagglutination property of TcdA. The fusion protein also exhibited a moderate capability for neutralization of TcdA cytotoxicity in both C-PGC2 and CHO-K1 cells, the former with and the latter without cell surface Galα1,3Galβ1,4GlcNAc sequences. Future studies in animal models of C. difficile infection will reveal its TcdA-inhibitory effect and therapeutic potential in C. difficile-associated diseases.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bacterial Toxins / metabolism*
  • Blotting, Western
  • CHO Cells
  • Cell Line
  • Clostridioides difficile / physiology*
  • Cricetulus
  • Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
  • Enterotoxins / metabolism*
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / physiology*
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics*

Substances

  • Bacterial Toxins
  • Enterotoxins
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • P-selectin ligand protein
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • tcdA protein, Clostridium difficile