Transcriptional regulation using the Q system in transgenic zebrafish

Methods Cell Biol. 2016:135:205-18. doi: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2016.05.001. Epub 2016 Jun 2.

Abstract

Methods to label cell populations selectively or to modify their gene expression are critical tools in the study of developmental or physiological processes in vivo. A variety of approaches have been applied to the zebrafish model, capitalizing on Tol2 transposition to generate transgenic lines with high efficiency. Here we describe the adoption of the Q system of Neurospora crassa, which includes the QF transcription factor and the upstream activating sequence (QUAS) to which it binds. These components function as a bipartite regulatory system similar to that of yeast Gal4/UAS, producing robust expression in transient assays of zebrafish embryos injected with plasmids and in stable transgenic lines. An important advantage, however, is that QUAS-regulated transgenes appear far less susceptible to transcriptional silencing even after seven generations. This chapter describes some of the Q system reagents that have been developed for zebrafish, as well as the use of the QF transcription factor for isolation of tissue-specific driver lines from gene/enhancer trap screens. Additional strategies successfully implemented in invertebrate models, such as a truncated QF transcription factor (QF2) or the reassembly of a split QF, are also discussed. The provided information, and available Gateway-based vectors, should enable those working with the zebrafish model to implement the Q system with minimal effort or to use it in combination with Gal4, Cre, or other regulatory systems for further refinement of transcriptional control.

Keywords: Bipartite system; Gal4; Transcriptional regulation; Transgenesis; qalocus.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Genetically Modified / genetics
  • DNA Transposable Elements / genetics*
  • Enhancer Elements, Genetic / genetics*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins / genetics
  • Neurospora crassa / genetics
  • Transcription Factors / genetics*
  • Transcriptional Activation / genetics*
  • Transgenes / genetics
  • Zebrafish / genetics

Substances

  • DNA Transposable Elements
  • Transcription Factors
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins