Comparative Analysis of GCF Resistin Levels in Obese Subjects with and without Periodontal Disease

Snophia Suresh; Jaideep Mahendra; Gurdeep Singh; A R Pradeep; Sundaravikram; Himanshu Sekar

doi:10.7860/JCDR/2016/19066.7802

Comparative Analysis of GCF Resistin Levels in Obese Subjects with and without Periodontal Disease

J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 May;10(5):ZC71-4. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/19066.7802. Epub 2016 May 1.

Authors

Snophia Suresh¹, Jaideep Mahendra², Gurdeep Singh³, A R Pradeep⁴, Sundaravikram⁵, Himanshu Sekar⁵

Affiliations

¹ Professor, Department of Periodontics, Thaimoogambigai Dental College , Chennai, India .
² Professor, Department of Periodontics, Meenakshiammal Dental College , Chennai, India .
³ Professor, Department of Periodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College , Chennai, India .
⁴ Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Thaimoogambigai Dental College , Chennai, India .
⁵ Post Graduate Student, Department of Periodontics, Thaimoogambigai Dental College , Chennai, India .

Abstract

Introduction: Resistin is an adipocyte derived hormone that has been shown to play a substantial role in the development of insulin resistance. Resistin acts as a pro-inflammatory molecule and stimulates the synthesis and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have reported the association of Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) resistin levels with periodontal condition.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the GCF resistin levels in obese subjects with periodontal health and disease and to correlate the disease severity with GCF resistin levels.

Materials and methods: Ninety subjects of both the sexes with age between 20-45 years were selected for the study and were categorized into four groups: 25 obese or overweight subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis (Group-I), 25 obese or overweight subjects with healthy periodontium (Group-II), 25 non-obese subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis (Group-III) and 15 non obese subjects with healthy periodontium (Group-IV). The demographic variables like age, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC) were recorded and the clinical periodontal parameters such as Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) were also assessed in all the groups. GCF was collected and assessed for resistin levels.

Results: The mean GCF resistin levels in Groups I, II, III & IV were 15.14, 9.06, 12.74 and 5.41 ng/dl respectively and the difference in mean GCF resistin level was statistically significant with the p-value<0.001. The mean GCF resistin levels in Group-I was higher compared to Group II and III and the differences in mean GCF resistin levels were statistically significant. GCF resistin levels were positively correlated with BMI, WC and CAL in Group I and CAL correlated with GCF resistin in Group III and this correlation was statistically significant.

Conclusion: From our study we report that obese subjects with periodontitis have more GCF resistin levels compared to non-obese subjects with healthy periodontium.

Keywords: Adiposity; ELISA; Periodontal disease.