Patch test results with rubber series in the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA), 2013/14

Abstract

Background: Contact allergy to rubber additives is common, particularly in patients with occupational dermatitis.

Objectives: To descriptively analyse and compare patch test reactions in patients patch tested both with the baseline series and with an additional 'rubber series' as used in the department.

Methods: Patch test data from those members of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA) network (www.essca-dc.org) who also contributed data on rubber series patch test results were retrospectively analysed.

Results: Among 29 522 patients patch tested, 2870 were eligible, that is, patch tested both with the baseline series and with a special rubber series. Of these, 8.8% had positive reaction(s) to one of the baseline screening rubber allergens (as compared with 4.2% in all patients), most often to carba mix, 12.3% had positive reaction(s) to allergens from an additional rubber series, and 6.4% had positive reaction(s) to both.

Conclusions: Additional testing with a dedicated rubber series, containing break-down single ingredients of mixes from the baseline series and additional rubber allergens, is warranted in patients with suspected contact allergy to rubber, to avoid false-negative results.

Keywords: clinical epidemiology; contact sensitization; patch test; rubber chemicals.