Limits of the Classical Concept of Concentration

Marco Maioli; Gyula Varadi; Róbert Kurdi; Luciano Caglioti; Gyula Pályi

doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02904

Limits of the Classical Concept of Concentration

J Phys Chem B. 2016 Aug 4;120(30):7438-45. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02904. Epub 2016 Jul 20.

Authors

Marco Maioli¹, Gyula Varadi², Róbert Kurdi³, Luciano Caglioti⁴, Gyula Pályi⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Via Campi 213/B, I-41125 Modena, Italy.
² Inpellis, Inc. , 100 Cummings Center, Suite 243C, Beverly, Massachusetts 01915-6133, United States.
³ Institute of Environmental Engineering, University of Pannonia , Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary.
⁴ Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, University "La Sapienza"-Roma , P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
⁵ Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Via Campi 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy.

PMID: 27384879
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02904

Abstract

Solutions of very low concentrations cannot be treated by the usual concept of concentration. Stochastic calculations are performed for the analysis of such solutions containing one or a few molecule(s). It is concluded that these systems escape the usual concentration parameters. Two "case histories" are also shown for demonstration of the practical consequences of the theoretical analysis.