The Beneficial Effects of ETS-GS, a Novel Vitamin E Derivative, on a Rat Model of Crush Injury

Shock. 2016 Dec;46(6):681-687. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000000681.

Abstract

Crush syndrome is a devastating condition leading to multiple organ failure. The mechanisms by which local traumatic injuries affect distant organs remain unknown. ETS-GS is a novel water-soluble, stable anti-oxidative agent composed of vitamin E derivative. Given that one of the main pathophysiological effects in crush syndrome is massive ischemia-reperfusion, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from the injured extremities would be systemically involved in distant organ damage. We investigated whether ETS-GS could suppress inflammatory response and improve mortality in a rat model of crush injury. Crush injury was induced by compression of bilateral hindlimbs for 6 h followed by release of compression. Seven-day survival was significantly improved by ETS-GS treatment. To estimate anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of ETS-GS, serum was collected 6 and 20 h after the injury. ETS-GS treatment significantly dampened the up-regulation of malondialdehyde and reduction of superoxide dismutase in the serum, which were induced by crush injury. Serum levels of interleukin 6 and high mobility group box 1 were significantly decreased in the ETS-GS group compared with those in the control group. Lung damage shown by hematoxylin-eosin staining at 20 h after the injury was ameliorated by the treatment. Ex vivo imaging confirmed that ETS-GS treatment reduced ROS generation in both the lung and the muscle following crush injury. The administration of ETS-GS could suppress ROS generation, systemic inflammation, and the subsequent organ damage, thus improving survival in a rat model of crush injury. These findings suggest that ETS-GS can become a novel therapeutic agent against crush injury.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Crush Syndrome / blood*
  • Crush Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • HMGB1 Protein / blood
  • Interleukin-6 / blood
  • Lung / drug effects
  • Lung / metabolism
  • Lung / pathology
  • Male
  • Malondialdehyde / blood
  • Oligopeptides / therapeutic use*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Superoxide Dismutase / metabolism
  • Vitamin E / analogs & derivatives*

Substances

  • HMGB1 Protein
  • Interleukin-6
  • Oligopeptides
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • gamma-L-glutamyl-S-(2-(((3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12- trimethyltridecyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy)carbonyl)-3-oxo-3-((2-sulfoethyl)amino)propyl)-L-cysteinylglycine sodium salt
  • Vitamin E
  • Malondialdehyde
  • Superoxide Dismutase