Macrophages Exhibit a Large Repertoire of Activation States via Multiple Mechanisms of Macrophage-activating Factors

Y U Sumiya; Takahiro Inoue; Mami Ishikawa; Toshio Inui; Daisuke Kuchiike; Kentaro Kubo; Yoshihiro Uto; Takahito Nishikata

Macrophages Exhibit a Large Repertoire of Activation States via Multiple Mechanisms of Macrophage-activating Factors

Anticancer Res. 2016 Jul;36(7):3619-23.

Authors

Y U Sumiya¹, Takahiro Inoue¹, Mami Ishikawa¹, Toshio Inui², Daisuke Kuchiike³, Kentaro Kubo⁴, Yoshihiro Uto⁵, Takahito Nishikata⁶

Affiliations

¹ Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Japan.
² Department of Life System, Institute of Technology and Science, Graduate School, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan Saisei Mirai Cell Processing Center, Osaka, Japan Inui Immunotherapy Clinic, Osaka, Japan.
³ Department of Life System, Institute of Technology and Science, Graduate School, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan Saisei Mirai Cell Processing Center, Osaka, Japan.
⁴ Saisei Mirai Cell Processing Center, Osaka, Japan.
⁵ Department of Life System, Institute of Technology and Science, Graduate School, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
⁶ Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Japan nisikata@konan-u.ac.jp.

PMID: 27354632

Abstract

Background/aim: Macrophages are important components of human defense systems and consequently key to antitumor immunity. Human-serum macrophage activation factor (serum MAF) can activate macrophages, making it a promising reagent for anticancer therapy.

Materials and methods: We established four different macrophage subtypes through introduction of different culture conditions to THP-1- and U937-derived macrophages. We assessed phagocytic activity to understand subtype responses to typical macrophage activation factors (MAFs) and the activation mechanisms of serum MAF.

Results: All four macrophage subtypes differed in their response to all MAFs. Moreover, serum MAF had two different activation mechanisms: N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-dependent and GalNAc-independent.

Conclusion: Macrophage activation states and mechanisms are heterogeneous.

Keywords: Immunotherapy; THP-1 cell line; U937 cell line; macrophage-activating factor; phagocytic activity.

MeSH terms

Humans
Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
Macrophage Activation*
Macrophage-Activating Factors / pharmacology*
Macrophage-Activating Factors / physiology
Macrophages / drug effects
Macrophages / physiology*
U937 Cells

Substances

Lipopolysaccharides
Macrophage-Activating Factors