Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a highly specific mitogen with angiogenic and vascular permeability activities for endothelial cells. VEGF participates in maintaining the renal vasculature integrity. There is no doubt that hypertension accelerates progression to renal dysfunction, resulting in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of our study was to examine the VEGF -1154 G/A (rs1570360) polymorphism among hypertensive patients with CKD. Additionally markers of endothelial damage have been related to the advancement of CKD. There were 96 consecutively admitted hypertensive patients referred to our Institution by their general practitioner. The patients were treated with an anti-hypertensive polytherapy. Ninety-nine healthy volunteers were enrolled as the control group. Our study revealed that both healthy and hypertensive groups frequencies of the genotypes varied significantly (p = 0.030, χ (2) test). The GA genotype frequency was significantly lower among patients in comparison with healthy. The presence of GA genotype was connected with a decreased risk of hypertension disease (OR = 0.48, p = 0.01). The VEGF -1154 GA carriers have been associated with the lowest values of Endostatin (p = 0.020), Angiogenin (p = 0.040) as well as vWf (p = 0.005). The GA genotype has been characterized by the highest values of eGFR (p = 0.024) and the lowest values of creatinine (p = 0.028) and BUN (p = 0.012). It is evident that the GA genotype of VEGF polymorphism localized at -1154 position is a genetic protective factor for development arterial hypertension and is associated with less progressed CKD.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Hypertension; VEGF polymorphism.