Synthesis and application of green mixed-metal oxide nano-composite materials from solid waste for dye degradation

Seema Singh; Vimal Chandra Srivastava; Tapas Kumar Mandal; Indra Deo Mall; Shang Lien Lo

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.007

Synthesis and application of green mixed-metal oxide nano-composite materials from solid waste for dye degradation

J Environ Manage. 2016 Oct 1:181:146-156. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.007. Epub 2016 Jun 22.

Authors

Seema Singh¹, Vimal Chandra Srivastava², Tapas Kumar Mandal³, Indra Deo Mall⁴, Shang Lien Lo⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India; Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71, Chou-Shan Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan.
² Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India. Electronic address: vimalcsr@yahoo.co.in.
³ Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
⁴ Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
⁵ Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71, Chou-Shan Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan.

PMID: 27341375
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.007

Abstract

Present study demonstrates reutilization of electrochemical (EC) sludge as a potential low-cost green catalyst for dye degradation. Hexagonal Fe2O3 type phase with trevorite (NiFe2O4)-type cubic phase nanocomposite material (NCM) was synthesized from solid waste sludge generated during EC treatment of textile industry wastewater with stainless steel electrode. For NCM synthesis, sludge was heated at different temperatures under controlled condition. Various synthesized NCMs were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The synthesized NCMs were found to contain iron, chromium, nickel and oxygen in the form of α-Fe2O3 (metal: oxygen = 40:60), (Fe,Cr,Ni)2O3 and trevorite NiFe2O4, (Ni,Fe,Cr) (Fe,Cr,Ni)2O4 (metal: oxygen = 43:57). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), pore size distribution, and atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis showed distribution of grains of different shapes and sizes. Catalytic activity of NCM was studied by the methylene red dye degradation by using the catalytic wet peroxidation process. Zeta potential study was performed under different pH so as to determine the performance of the NCMs during dye degradation.

Keywords: Catalytic activity; Electrochemical sludge; Fe(2)O(3); NCMs; Zeta potential.

MeSH terms

Catalysis
Chromium / chemistry
Coloring Agents / analysis
Coloring Agents / chemistry*
Environmental Pollutants / analysis
Environmental Pollutants / chemistry*
Ferric Compounds / analysis
Ferric Compounds / chemistry
Iron / chemistry
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Nanocomposites / chemistry*
Nickel / chemistry
Oxides / chemistry*
Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Sewage / chemistry*
Textile Industry*
Wastewater / chemistry*
X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

Coloring Agents
Environmental Pollutants
Ferric Compounds
Oxides
Sewage
Waste Water
Chromium
Nickel
Iron