Life-Threatening Lactation or "Bovine" Ketoacidosis: A Case Report

A A Case Rep. 2016 Aug 15;7(4):81-4. doi: 10.1213/XAA.0000000000000350.

Abstract

Lactation or "bovine" ketoacidosis is a rare cause of raised anion gap metabolic acidosis whereby a perfect storm of negative calorie balance (starvation/glucose preferentially used for milk production) and insulin resistance (counter regulatory stress hormone release/infection) leads to a dysregulated ketogenic state. We present a case of life-threatening lactation-related ketoacidosis in a patient 9 weeks postpartum, who presented to the emergency department with an arterial pH of 6.88, HCO3 of 5.8 mmol/L and blood ketone level of 5.8 mmol/L. Treatment consists of aggressive glucose loading, triggering supraphysiologic endogenous insulin release, and subsequent inhibition of ketone body formation.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Breast Feeding* / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ketosis / diagnosis*
  • Ketosis / etiology
  • Ketosis / metabolism*
  • Lactation / metabolism*
  • Weight Loss / physiology*