The classical photoactivated drug 8-methoxypsoralen and related compounds are effective without UV light irradiation against glioma cells

Neurochem Int. 2016 Oct:99:33-41. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.06.004. Epub 2016 Jun 10.

Abstract

Currently, there is no effective therapy for high grade gliomas. 8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) is a compound used in the treatment of skin diseases combined with UV light irradiation. In this work, rat glioma C6 cells, normal astrocytes and human glioblastoma GL-15 cells comprised an in vitro model to evaluate the antitumor activity of 8-MOP. We found that 8-MOP promoted a time- and concentration-dependent reduction of cell viability in tumor, but not in normal cells. This effect was more evident in log-phase growing culture, indicating antiproliferative activity, which was confirmed by colony formation assay. Long-term effect of 8-MOP at low concentration was also attested. The concentrations used in the tests (0.02-0.4 mM) were lower than plasmatic concentration found in patients. Despite the treatment leads to considerable morphological changes and apoptosis when used at high concentrations, 8-MOP did not promote cell cycle arrest, change in migration pattern neither necrosis. In addition, we evaluated the effect of 8-MOP in MDA-MB-231, CT-26 and SCC-3 cell lines, derived from other kind of primary tumors, and found that CT-26 cells did not respond to 8-MOP treatment, indicating that this compound does not act through a generic mechanism. Coumarin derivatives structurally related to 8-MOP were screened for its antitumor potential and presented different patterns of biological activity, and then it was possible to suggest the relevance of 8-MOP molecular structure for antiproliferative action. Therefore, 8-MOP, a drug with an outstanding record of safety, and related coumarins are good prototypes for development of a new class of anti-glioma drugs.

Keywords: 7-Methoxycoumarin (PubChem CID: 10748); 8-methoxypsoralen; Coumarin (PubChem CID: 323); Coumarins; Coumurrayin (PubChem CID: 176911); Glioma; Methoxsalen (PubChem CID: 4114); Osthole (PubChem CID: 10228); Psoralen; Psoralen (PubChem CID: 6199); Trioxsalen (PubChem CID: 5585).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects*
  • Cell Proliferation / physiology
  • Cell Proliferation / radiation effects*
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / physiology
  • Cell Survival / radiation effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Glioma* / drug therapy
  • Glioma* / pathology
  • Humans
  • Methoxsalen / chemistry
  • Methoxsalen / pharmacology*
  • Methoxsalen / therapeutic use
  • Photosensitizing Agents / chemistry
  • Photosensitizing Agents / pharmacology*
  • Photosensitizing Agents / therapeutic use
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Ultraviolet Rays*

Substances

  • Photosensitizing Agents
  • Methoxsalen