The authors previously demonstrated that acute administration of sildenafil-a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor-improves hemodynamic parameters in patients with resistant hypertensive (RH), but its effect on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is unknown. This interventional, nonrandomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial included 26 patients with RH. A dose of sildenafil (187.5mg) was given, and after a washout period of 14 days the patients received a single oral dose of placebo and the protocol was repeated. The patients underwent 24-hour ABPM recordings the day before and immediately after the protocols. The reduction of systolic (-8.8±1.4 vs 1.3±1.2 mm Hg, P=.02), diastolic (-5.3±3.3 vs 1.8±1.1 mm Hg, P=.03), and mean (-7.9±3.6 vs 0.8±0.9 mm Hg, P=.01) 24-hour BP were found after the use of sildenafil compared with placebo. Improvement in daytime BP levels was also observed (systolic -6.0±4.7 vs 4.4±1.5 mm Hg [P=.02] and mean -4.8±3.9 vs 3.5±1.4 mm Hg [P=.02] for sildenafil vs placebo, respectively). Considering its antihypertensive effect, sildenafil may represent a therapeutic option for RH treatment.
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