The effect of berberine hydrochloride on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation and dispersion in vitro

Microbiol Res. 2016 May-Jun:186-187:44-51. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.03.003. Epub 2016 Mar 9.

Abstract

Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the major causes of biofilm infections. Berberine hydrochloride (BBH) has diverse pharmacological effects; however, the effects and mechanisms of BBH on E. faecalis biofilm formation and dispersion have not been reported. In this study, 99 clinical isolates from the urine samples of patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) were collected and identified. Ten strains of E. faecalis with biofilm formation ability were studied. BBH inhibited E. faecalis biofilm formation and promoted the biofilm dispersion of E. faecalis. In addition, sortase A and esp expression levels were elevated during early E. faecalis biofilm development, whereas BBH significantly reduced their expression levels. The results of this study indicated that BBH effectively prevents biofilm formation and promotes biofilm dispersion in E. faecalis, most likely by inhibiting the expressions of sortase A and esp.

Keywords: Berberine hydrochloride; Biofilm; Confocal laser scanning microscopy; Enterococcus faecalis; esp; sortase A.

MeSH terms

  • Aminoacyltransferases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Aminoacyltransferases / biosynthesis
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Bacterial Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Bacterial Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Berberine / pharmacology*
  • Biofilms / drug effects*
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases / biosynthesis
  • Enterococcus faecalis / drug effects*
  • Enterococcus faecalis / isolation & purification
  • Enterococcus faecalis / physiology
  • Gene Expression / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Membrane Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Membrane Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Urinary Tract Infections / microbiology
  • Urine / microbiology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Membrane Proteins
  • enterococcal surface protein, esp
  • Berberine
  • Aminoacyltransferases
  • sortase A
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases