Lack of Phenotypical and Morphological Evidences of Endothelial to Hematopoietic Transition in the Murine Embryonic Head during Hematopoietic Stem Cell Emergence

PLoS One. 2016 May 26;11(5):e0156427. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156427. eCollection 2016.

Abstract

During mouse ontogeny, hematopoietic cells arise from specialized endothelial cells, i.e., the hemogenic endothelium, and form clusters in the lumen of arterial vessels. Hemogenic endothelial cells have been observed in several embryonic tissues, such as the dorsal aorta, the placenta and the yolk sac. Recent work suggests that the mouse embryonic head also produces hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)/progenitors. However, a histological basis for HSC generation in the head has not yet been determined because the hematopoietic clusters and hemogenic endothelium in the head region have not been well characterized. In this study, we used whole-mount immunostaining and 3D confocal reconstruction techniques to analyze both c-Kit+ hematopoietic clusters and Runx1+ hemogenic endothelium in the whole-head vasculature. The number of c-Kit+ hematopoietic cells was 20-fold less in the head arteries than in the dorsal aorta. In addition, apparent nascent hematopoietic cells, which are characterized by a "budding" structure and a Runx1+ hemogenic endothelium, were not observed in the head. These results suggest that head HSCs may not be or are rarely generated from the endothelium in the same manner as aortic HSCs.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Embryo, Mammalian* / cytology
  • Embryo, Mammalian* / embryology
  • Endothelial Cells* / cytology
  • Endothelial Cells* / metabolism
  • Endothelium, Vascular* / cytology
  • Endothelium, Vascular* / embryology
  • Head / embryology*
  • Hematopoiesis / physiology*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cells* / cytology
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cells* / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic

Grants and funding

This work was funded by Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age and the Center for Biomedical Research Resources at the Juntendo University School of Medicine. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.