Basketball Affects Bone Mineral Density Accrual in Boys More Than Swimming and Other Impact Sports: 9-mo Follow-Up

J Clin Densitom. 2016 Jul-Sep;19(3):375-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jocd.2016.04.006. Epub 2016 May 9.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of different sports on bone mineral density (BMD) accrual among male adolescents during a 9-mo follow-up. The sample was composed of 82 boys (control [n = 13], basketball [n = 14], karate [n = 9], soccer [n = 18], judo [n = 12], and swimming [n = 16]) who were followed up for 9 mo (from October 2013 to August 2014). BMD (gram per square centimeter) was assessed at baseline and follow-up using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner, whereas somatic maturation was estimated through the use of the peak height velocity. Vitamin D consumption was assessed by questionnaire. After 9 mo of follow-up, all groups (including the control group) presented significant BMD accrual (overall sample: 4.5% in the whole body). On the other hand, the basketball group presented higher BMD accrual in the upper limbs (17.6%) than the control group (7.2%). A similar difference was observed in whole-body BMD (control group: 4.1% vs basketball group: 7.1%). The basketball group had significantly higher BMD gains than the control group and other sports groups.

Keywords: Adolescents; bone mass; impact sports; swimming.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Absorptiometry, Photon
  • Adolescent
  • Basketball / physiology*
  • Bone Density / physiology*
  • Child
  • Diet
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Martial Arts / physiology*
  • Resistance Training
  • Soccer / physiology*
  • Sports
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Swimming / physiology*
  • Vitamin D

Substances

  • Vitamin D