A Chimeric LysK-Lysostaphin Fusion Enzyme Lysing Staphylococcus aureus Cells: a Study of Both Kinetics of Inactivation and Specifics of Interaction with Anionic Polymers

Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2016 Oct;180(3):544-557. doi: 10.1007/s12010-016-2115-7. Epub 2016 May 11.

Abstract

A staphylolytic fusion protein (chimeric enzyme K-L) was created, harboring three unique lytic activities composed of the LysK CHAP endopeptidase, and amidase domains, and the lysostaphin glycyl-glycine endopeptidase domain. To assess the potential of possible therapeutic applications, the kinetic behavior of chimeric enzyme K-L was investigated. As a protein antimicrobial, with potential antigenic properties, the biophysical effect of including chimeric enzyme K-L in anionic polymer matrices that might help reduce the immunogenicity of the enzyme was tested. Chimeric enzyme K-L reveals a high lytic activity under the following optimal (opt) conditions: pHopt 6.0-10.0, topt 20-30 °C, NaClopt 400-800 mM. At the working temperature of 37 °C, chimeric enzyme K-L is inactivated by a monomolecular mechanism and possesses a high half-inactivation time of 12.7 ± 3.0 h. At storage temperatures of 22 and 4 °C, a complex mechanism (combination of monomolecular and bimolecular mechanisms) is involved in the chimeric enzyme K-L inactivation. The optimal storage conditions under which the enzyme retains 100 % activity after 140 days of incubation (4 °C, the enzyme concentration of 0.8 mg/mL, pH 6.0 or 7.5) were established. Chimeric enzyme K-L is included in complexes with block-copolymers of poly-L-glutamic acid and polyethylene glycol, while the enzyme activity and stability are retained, thus suggesting methods to improve the application of this fusion as an effective antimicrobial agent.

Keywords: Applied biocatalysis; Enzyme kinetics; Fusion enzyme; Staphylolytic activity.

MeSH terms

  • Anions / pharmacology*
  • Bacterial Proteins / pharmacology*
  • Bacteriolysis / drug effects*
  • Enzyme Activation / drug effects
  • Enzyme Stability / drug effects
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Kinetics
  • Lysostaphin / pharmacology*
  • Particle Size
  • Polymers / pharmacology*
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / pharmacology*
  • Sodium Chloride / pharmacology
  • Staphylococcus aureus / cytology*
  • Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Temperature

Substances

  • Anions
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Polymers
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Sodium Chloride
  • Lysostaphin