HIPK family kinases bind and regulate the function of the CCR4-NOT complex

Mol Biol Cell. 2016 Jun 15;27(12):1969-80. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E15-09-0629. Epub 2016 Apr 27.

Abstract

The serine/threonine kinase HIPK2 functions as a regulator of developmental processes and as a signal integrator of a wide variety of stress signals, such as DNA damage, hypoxia, and reactive oxygen intermediates. Because the kinase is generated in a constitutively active form, its expression levels are restricted by a variety of different mechanisms. Here we identify the CCR4-NOT complex as a new regulator of HIPK2 abundance. Down-regulation or knockout of the CCR4-NOT complex member CNOT2 leads to reduced HIPK2 protein levels without affecting the expression level of HIPK1 or HIPK3. A fraction of all HIPK family members associates with the CCR4-NOT components CNOT2 and CNOT3. HIPKs also phosphorylate the CCR4-NOT complex, a feature that is shared with their yeast progenitor kinase, YAK1. Functional assays reveal that HIPK2 and HIPK1 restrict CNOT2-dependent mRNA decay. HIPKs are well known regulators of transcription, but the mutual regulation between CCR4-NOT and HIPKs extends the regulatory potential of these kinases by enabling posttranscriptional gene regulation.

MeSH terms

  • Carrier Proteins / genetics
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism*
  • DNA Damage
  • Humans
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2 / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Receptors, CCR4 / metabolism
  • Repressor Proteins / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Two-Hybrid System Techniques

Substances

  • CCR4 protein, human
  • CNOT2 protein, human
  • CNOT3 protein, human
  • Carrier Proteins
  • NR4A2 protein, human
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2
  • Receptors, CCR4
  • Repressor Proteins
  • Transcription Factors
  • HIPK2 protein, human
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases